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orySlug":348,"publishTime":349,"top":350,"viewCount":351,"content":352,"faqs":353,"author":354,"source":355,"seoTitle":356,"seoKeywords":357,"seoDescription":358,"category":359,"prev":360,"next":363},478,"常闭防火门为什么不能用门挡长期开着？常开防火门有什么不同？","normally-closed-vs-open-fire-doors","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.shenzhenjianzhong.com\u002Fpublished\u002Fmedia\u002Fagent-articles\u002F478\u002F20261002\u002F179088025633768310\u002Farticle-478-6b0223a6a61d28f9.webp","常闭防火门通行后应能自行关闭，门挡不能把它变成常开防火门。本文说明两者区别、日常观察与报修要点，以及2026年采购更换时需要核对的标准和配套功能。","qa",1790869925000,false,69,"\u003Cp>常闭防火门可以在人员通行时打开，但人走后应能自行关闭。用门挡、木楔或货物把它撑住，会让关门功能失效。常开防火门则是按相应设计和配置，平时保持开启、火灾时自动关闭的防火门，不能把普通常闭门撑开后就当成常开门使用。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>一、门板本身能防火，为什么还必须关上？\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>防火门发挥作用，靠的是门扇、门框、五金和密封件等组成的整套门组件。门洞敞着，烟气和火焰就可能通过开口蔓延，门板的耐火性能无法替代开口处的防火分隔。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>《建筑防火通用规范》GB 55037—2022第6.4.1条，对防火门的自动关闭功能及关闭后的烟密闭性能作出了要求。两者要一起看：能关上，还要保持应有的关闭状态和性能。贴着“保持关闭”的标识，却被纸箱顶住，不能算正常使用。\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgf.cabr-fire.com\u002Farticle-41887.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">查看规范条文\u003C\u002Fa>。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.shenzhenjianzhong.com\u002Fpublished\u002Fmedia\u002Fagent-articles\u002F478\u002F20261002\u002F179088041715031929\u002Farticle-478-24a4ffdff3eeb6c9.webp\" alt=\"常闭防火门正常通行后关闭与门挡卡阻的对比原理图\" loading=\"lazy\" \u002F>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>图1｜常闭防火门通行后应自行关闭；门挡会阻止门扇关回。原理示意，非施工接线图。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>二、常闭和常开，区别到底在哪里？\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>GB 12955—2024《防火门》第3.6、3.7条区分了两种使用方式：常闭门平时关闭，人员经过时推动开启，通行后能自动关回；常开门平时开启，发生火灾时能够自动关闭。判断依据应是门的产品资料、建筑设计和实际配置，不能只看眼前开着还是关着。\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgf.cabr-fire.com\u002Fm\u002Farticle-69055.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">查看术语定义\u003C\u002Fa>。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>采用消防联动控制的常开门，还需要配套控制与执行装置正常工作。它的保持开启方式必须能按设计解除，让门扇关到位。普通门挡不会接收消防联动指令，不能代替这些装置。常开门同样不能被货物卡住，否则即使收到了关闭指令，也可能无法完成关门。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>对已经建成且依法投入使用的高层民用建筑，《高层民用建筑消防安全管理规定》第二十八条另有明确要求：常闭式防火门保持常闭，相关部件保持有效；常开式防火门发生火灾时自动关闭并反馈信号。这一规定有其适用范围，不能直接当成所有厂房、仓库的管理条款。\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.mem.gov.cn\u002Fgk\u002Fzfxxgkpt\u002Ffdzdgknr\u002Fgz11\u002F202106\u002Ft20210621_405573.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">查看适用范围与原文\u003C\u002Fa>。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.shenzhenjianzhong.com\u002Fpublished\u002Fmedia\u002Fagent-articles\u002F478\u002F20261002\u002F179088044406774084\u002Farticle-478-0f7aa2fd57adab7c.webp\" alt=\"采用消防联动控制的常开防火门：保持开启、接收关闭信号、解除保持并关门、反馈状态的流程示意\" loading=\"lazy\" \u002F>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>图2｜以采用消防联动控制的常开门为例：收到设计规定的关闭信号后解除保持、完成关门并反馈状态。实际配置按项目设计；原理示意，非施工接线图，请勿自行加装或改接。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>三、进货频繁，能自己加个电磁门吸吗？\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>不建议自行加装，也不要为减轻推门阻力而拆掉闭门器。门吸名称相近，功能和适用方式未必相同；加一个能吸住门的配件，并不代表整樘门已经具备合适的常开功能。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>商铺补货、仓库搬运确实会带来频繁通行需求。应先向物业或本单位消防安全管理人员说明使用情况，请相关专业人员核对原设计、安装部位、疏散要求及现有控制系统，再判断能否调整方案。选型时要确认闭门装置与门扇规格、质量相适配，不能只问“这个门吸能不能吸牢”。GB 12955—2024第6.4节对闭门装置及相关配件性能有相应要求。\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgf.cabr-fire.com\u002Fm\u002Farticle-69062.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">查看配件性能要求\u003C\u002Fa>。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>四、店员和物业日常可以看什么？\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>下面是发现异常、及时报修的观察要点，不能代替专业检测：\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>看门口：门挡、纸箱、地垫或运输工具是否妨碍门扇正常启闭，疏散通道是否被占用。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>看通行后的状态：常闭门是否停在半开位置、回弹或明显关不严。不要用身体反复撞门来验证。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>看外观：门扇是否变形，闭门器连接部位是否松脱，密封件是否缺损，双扇门是否出现相互顶住、不能正常合拢的情况。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>看记录：常开门是否有与本场所维护计划对应的功能检查、故障处理记录。能手推关上，不等于火灾联动关闭和反馈功能已经验证。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Cp>发现问题时，记录楼层、位置、门编号和可见现象，尽快交给管理人员处理。不要自行断开线路、拆卸五金或调整控制参数；涉及联动测试，应由相关专业人员按管理程序实施。为保持常闭而额外上锁，也不能妨碍人员疏散。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>五、新购或更换时，怎样把需求说清楚？\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>建议把这些信息交给供货、设计和安装人员核对：门装在哪里，连接哪些区域，是否承担人员疏散，平时通行频率如何，现有设计规定常开还是常闭，以及所需耐火性能。报价时分清门体、配套五金、控制装置、安装调试和交付资料的范围，避免只比较门扇单价。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>截至2026年10月1日，国家标准全文公开系统将GB 12955—2024《防火门》标为现行，实施日期为2026年5月1日。新采购应核对所供产品及资料对应的标准版本和适用要求；既有门如何维护、更换，应结合现场状况与工程要求评估，不能仅凭标准换版就认定全部旧门必须更换。\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fopenstd.samr.gov.cn\u002Fbzgk\u002Fstd\u002FnewGbInfo?hcno=2D63E6831761ADEE94E652D433B2C606\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">查看国家标准信息\u003C\u002Fa>。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>对使用方来说，最先要做的是确认门的类型，让它保持设计要求的功能状态。需要通行便利，就解决选型和管理问题，不要用门挡长期撑开常闭防火门。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>资料来源与日期\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgf.cabr-fire.com\u002Farticle-41887.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">《建筑防火通用规范》GB 55037—2022，第6.4节\u003C\u002Fa>：中国建筑科学研究院建筑防火研究所消防规范网；标准发布于2022年12月27日，2023年6月1日实施；网页发布日期未标注。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgf.cabr-fire.com\u002Fm\u002Farticle-69055.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">《防火门》GB 12955—2024，第3节\u003C\u002Fa>及\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgf.cabr-fire.com\u002Fm\u002Farticle-69062.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">第6.4节\u003C\u002Fa>：同上；网页发布日期未标注。标准发布日期、实施日期见下一项。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fopenstd.samr.gov.cn\u002Fbzgk\u002Fstd\u002FnewGbInfo?hcno=2D63E6831761ADEE94E652D433B2C606\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GB 12955—2024国家标准信息\u003C\u002Fa>：国家标准全文公开系统；标准发布于2024年10月28日，2026年5月1日实施；网页发布日期未标注。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.mem.gov.cn\u002Fgk\u002Fzfxxgkpt\u002Ffdzdgknr\u002Fgz11\u002F202106\u002Ft20210621_405573.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">《高层民用建筑消防安全管理规定》\u003C\u002Fa>：应急管理部令第5号，2021年6月21日公布，2021年8月1日起施行。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>",[],"建中说门道","建中说门道整理｜标准与应急管理部公开资料","常闭防火门为什么不能用门挡撑开？与常开防火门的区别","常闭防火门,常开防火门,防火门门挡,防火门闭门器,消防联动,防火门日常检查,GB 12955-2024","解释常闭防火门不能用门挡长期撑开的原因及其与常开防火门的区别，梳理自动关闭、消防联动、日常观察与报修要点，以及采购更换时应核对的标准和配套功能。",{"id":248,"name":71,"slug":348},{"title":361,"slug":362},"7项建材燃烧试验国标10月1日实施，门业选材要分清哪些报告？","building-material-fire-test-standards-2026-door-sourcing",{"title":364,"slug":365},"防火卷帘两项旧行业标准被废止，采购与维保资料该怎样核对？","fire-shutter-standards-procurement-maintenance",[367],{"id":334,"title":62,"subtitle":368,"image":369,"mobileImage":16,"link":16},"行业动态 · 技术问答 · 产品FAQ","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.shenzhenjianzhong.com\u002Fsecurity-assets\u002F5085ba7fa31941f0ae59e7a8db089907e86b3d1e921787ea3e7e8ff1a14d84e7.jpg"]